Usutu virus: An emerging flavivirus in Europe

Usutu virus (USUV) is an African mosquito-borne flavivirus belonging to the Japanese encephalitis virus serocomplex. USUV is closely related to Murray Valley encephalitis virus, Japanese encephalitis virus, and West Nile virus. USUV was discovered in South Africa in 1959. In Europe, the first true demonstration of circulation of USUV was reported in Austria in 2001 with a significant die-off of Eurasian blackbirds. In the subsequent years, USUV expanded to neighboring countries, including Italy, Germany, Spain, Hungary, Switzerland, Poland, England, Czech Republic, Greece, and Belgium, where it caused unusual mortality in birds. In 2009, the first two human cases of USUV infection in Europe have been reported in Italy, causing meningoencephalitis in immunocompromised patients. This review describes USUV in terms of its life cycle, USUV surveillance from Africa to Europe, human cases, its cellular tropism and pathogenesis, its genetic relationship with other flaviviruses, genetic diversity among USUV strains, its diagnosis, and a discussion of the potential future threat to Asian countries. … celý popis

Podrobná bibliografie

Publikováno v

Viruses Ročník 7; číslo 1; s. 219 - 238

Hlavní autoři

Ashraf, Usama, Ye, Jing, Ruan, Xindi, Wan, Shengfeng, Zhu, Bibo, Cao, Shengbo

Typ dokumentu

Journal Article Book Review

Jazyk

English

Vydáno

Switzerland MDPI AG 19. 01. 2015
MDPI

Témata

Animals

Austria

Communicable Diseases, Emerging - epidemiology

Communicable Diseases, Emerging - virology

Culex pipiens

Encephalitis Viruses, Japanese - classification

Encephalitis Viruses, Japanese - genetics

Encephalitis Viruses, Japanese - isolation & purification

Encephalitis Viruses, Japanese - physiology

Encephalitis, Arbovirus - epidemiology

Encephalitis, Arbovirus - virology

Europe - epidemiology

Flavivirus

Flavivirus Infections - epidemiology

Flavivirus Infections - virology

Humans

Japanese encephalitis virus

Murray valley encephalitis virus

Review

SouthAfrica-1959

Turdus merula

Usutu virus

West Nile virus

Europe

Bibliografie

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ObjectType-Review-1
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ISSN

1999-4915
1999-4915

DOI

10.3390/v7010219